What are the main technical processes of CNC machining?

CNC Machining is the most common and best way to prototype and mass produce of the metal and plastic parts. What are the main technical processes of CNC machining?

CNC turning

Simply clamp the workpiece to the rotating disc or mandrel, and when the workpiece is rotated, the cutting tool rests in the fixture mounted on the moving slider. The slider can move up and down the length of the workpiece or close to or away from the centerline. A drill bit mounted on the tailstock can form a precise hole below the centerline of the workpiece. Turning is ideal for quickly removing large amounts of material. The lathe is used to make concentric shapes on the outer circumference of the circular part. Slots, annular grooves, stepped shoulders, internal and external threads, cylinders and shafts - many round or round features are made on the lathe. They are also capable of producing a smooth and uniform surface finish.

CNC milling

Milling differs from turning in that the workpiece remains stationary and the cutting tool rotates on the spindle. The workpiece is usually placed horizontally in the machine table and mounted on a table that moves in the X and Y directions. The spindle is equipped with various cutting tools and moves on the X, Y and Z axes. Although the mill can also drill and drill, it excels at removing material from more complex and asymmetrical components. Milling cutters are used to make square/planar, notches, chamfers, channels, profiles, keyways and other features that depend on precise cutting angles. Milling and turning together are responsible for the operation of most CNC machines. As with all metalworking operations, cutting fluids are used to cool workpieces and tools, lubricate and wash away metal particles or chips.

CNC grinding

Surface grinding: Making a very flat surface on a metal part is very important for many applications. Grinding is the mounting of the workpiece on the table, moving it back and forth across the slide below the grinding wheel, or sometimes it remains firm as the wheel moves. Note that this process can only be used on surfaces that don’t have any protrusions protruding from the surface. Different materials use different types of abrasives. The heat and mechanical stress during the grinding process can adversely affect the workpiece, so the tool speed and temperature must be carefully controlled.

Cylindrical grinding: The workpiece usually remains stationary while the circular or cylindrical grinding wheel rotates relative to its surface. Cylindrical grinders can be used on the inside and outside diameters, either throughout the length of the part or at partial depth. It produces very precise and precise tolerances with a very smooth surface texture.

Optical grinding: the front is all metal machining, but CNC machining is also used to make special optical components for glass or plastic. Optical components require very precise surfaces and tight tolerances, so special grinding equipment can be used. The shaft rotates while rotating the grinding wheel onto a surface, which has an average of any nominal deviation. The abrasive paste is also used as a lubricant and forms a finished surface.

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