How to use tool length compensation in CNC machining?

The concept of tool length compensation.

Tool length compensation is the tool position compensation for the tool tip to reach the programmed position. The tool length compensation command is generally used for the tool axial compensation, so that the actual displacement of the tool in the Z-axis direction is greater than or less than the given amount of the program, so that the end face of the tool with different lengths reaches the same actual position in the Z-axis direction.

For example, we have to drill a hole with a depth of 50mm and then tap the depth of 45mm, using a 250mm long drill bit and a 350mm long tap. First drill a depth of 50mm with a drill bit. At this time, the machine has set the workpiece zero point. When the tap is tapped, if both knives are machined from the set zero point, the tap is too long to be tapped longer than the drill bit, and the tool is damaged. And artifacts. At this time, if the tool compensation is set, the length of the tap and the drill bit will be compensated. After the machine zero point is set, even if the tap and the bit length are different, due to the existence of compensation, the zero Z coordinate has automatically compensated the length of the tap to Z+ (or Z) when the tap is operated, ensuring the correct machining zero.

The work of Tool length compensation

Tool length compensation is achieved by executing the G43 (G44) and H commands, and we give a Z coordinate value so that the tool moves to a point Z away from the workpiece surface after compensation. Another command G49 cancels the G43 (G44) command. In fact, we don't have to use this command because each tool has its own length compensation. When the tool is changed, it uses the G43 (G44) H command to give its own tool length compensation. The length compensation of the previous tool is automatically canceled.

Tool length compensation in CNC Machining

Use the actual length of the tool as compensation for the tool length (this is recommended). Using the tool length as compensation is to measure the length of the tool using the tool setting tool, and then input this value into the tool length compensation register as the tool length compensation. The reasons for using the tool length as the tool length compensation are as follows:

First, using the tool length as the tool length compensation can avoid continually modifying the tool length offset during different workpiece machining. Such a tool is used on different workpieces without modifying the tool length offset. In this case, each tool can be filed according to a certain tool numbering rule, and a small sign is used to write the relevant parameters of each tool, including the length and radius of the tool. In fact, many large machining companies use this approach for tool management of CNC machining equipment. For those companies that specialize in tool management, it is not necessary to tell the tool face-to-face with the parameters of the tool, and even if the tool is removed due to the capacity of the magazine, the next time it is reinstalled. The value of the tool length on the label is used as the tool length compensation without further measurement.

Secondly, using the tool length as the tool length compensation allows the machine to perform the machining operation while performing the length measurement of other tools on the tool setting tool, instead of occupying the machine running time due to the tool setting on the machine tool, so that the machining can be fully utilized. The efficiency of the center. When the spindle moves to the programmed Z coordinate point, it is the spindle coordinate plus (or minus) the Z coordinate value after the tool length compensation.

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